MAX14642 is compliant to the USB battery charging specification BC1.2 which is a USB2.0 specification. There is no USB3.0 equivalent BC1.2. USB3.0 uses separate data lines for super speed 5Gbps+, but the USB2.0 D+ and D- are still there allowing the MAX14642 to enable charger detection.
The MAX14642 can be used for charger detection compatible with the BC1.2 specification. The data path can handle the USB2.0 speeds (480Mbps). The super speed, 5Gbps+ signal path would not go through the MAX14642.