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KCC's Quizzes AQQ287 about throwing 3 dice

1. Quote of the week:"The first five days after the wekend are always the hardest" - unknown

Source: Happy Weekend - Frohes Wochenende - Notiz mit einer Kaffeetasse - Kostenloses Foto auf ccnull.de / ccby.de

2 Our new challenge AQQ287 about throwing 3 dice

Source: upload.wikimedia.org/.../640px-160327_White_dice_09.jpg

The game consists to throw 3 dice and observe the sum S of the 3 top faces. We note P(S) the probability to obtain a sum S.

Questions:

1. For which value of S, the probability P(S) is maximum?

(Example: for 2 dice, S=7 occurs 6 times giving P(7)=0.167 which is the maximum we can get)

 2. Same question as above but in a game with n number of dice.

Good luck and try to be among the first ones!

Also, please forward those quizzes to friends or colleagues who might be interested on such brainstorming!

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Parents
  • 1) Enumeration of the results of each throw gives:
        1 way  for 3
        3 ways for 4
        6 ways for 5
        10 ways for 6
        15 ways for 7
        21 ways for 8
        25 ways for 9
        27 ways for 10
        27 ways for 11
        25 ways for 12
        21 ways for 13
        15 ways for 14
        10 ways for 15
        6 ways for 16
        3 ways for 17
        1 ways for 18
    Two numbers, 10 and 11, have the highest count of 27 so they have the highest chance of occurring. P(S) => 27/216=0.125

    2) For n dice the number(s) with the highest count is(are) at the mid range of S. This gives the most range of selection to equal S.
       Min count = n, Max count = 6n
       Mid range => (6n-n)/2 + n = 3.5n
       S = floor(3.5n) and ceil(3.5n); Both numbers are equal when n is an even integer.
       Example: S=7 for 2 dice and S=10 and 11 for 3 dice.

Reply
  • 1) Enumeration of the results of each throw gives:
        1 way  for 3
        3 ways for 4
        6 ways for 5
        10 ways for 6
        15 ways for 7
        21 ways for 8
        25 ways for 9
        27 ways for 10
        27 ways for 11
        25 ways for 12
        21 ways for 13
        15 ways for 14
        10 ways for 15
        6 ways for 16
        3 ways for 17
        1 ways for 18
    Two numbers, 10 and 11, have the highest count of 27 so they have the highest chance of occurring. P(S) => 27/216=0.125

    2) For n dice the number(s) with the highest count is(are) at the mid range of S. This gives the most range of selection to equal S.
       Min count = n, Max count = 6n
       Mid range => (6n-n)/2 + n = 3.5n
       S = floor(3.5n) and ceil(3.5n); Both numbers are equal when n is an even integer.
       Example: S=7 for 2 dice and S=10 and 11 for 3 dice.

Children