Now that you’ve been introduced to cellular DAS, let's explore the different types and their real-world applications. Understanding the various types of DAS systems is crucial for selecting the right solution for different environments and use cases.
DAS Systems
- Active DAS: Active DAS systems use powered components to distribute the signal. They are highly flexible and can support multiple frequency bands and carriers. Active DAS systems are known for their high capacity and reliability, but they can be more expensive to install and maintain.
- Components: Active DAS systems typically include a head-end, fiber optic cables, and powered remote units (antennas).
- Applications: Active DAS is commonly used in large venues, such as stadiums and arenas, where high capacity and reliability are essential. It is also used in large office buildings and transportation hubs to ensure reliable coverage for a large number of users.
- Passive DAS: Passive DAS systems use passive components like splitters and combiners to distribute the signal. They are cost-effective and easy to install, making them suitable for smaller, less complex environments. Passive DAS systems are less flexible than active systems but are a good choice for environments with lower capacity requirements.
- Components: Passive DAS systems typically include a head-end, coaxial cables, and passive remote units (antennas).
- Applications: Passive DAS is commonly used in small to medium-sized buildings, such as retail stores, restaurants, and small office spaces. It is also used in residential buildings to improve indoor coverage.
- Hybrid DAS: Hybrid DAS systems combine elements of both active and passive DAS, offering a balance between flexibility and cost-effectiveness. They are ideal for mid-sized environments that require a mix of coverage and capacity. Hybrid DAS systems can be tailored to meet specific needs, making them a versatile solution.
- Components: Hybrid DAS systems typically include a head-end, a combination of fiber optic and coaxial cables, and both powered and passive remote units (antennas).
- Applications: Hybrid DAS is commonly used in mid-sized buildings, such as medium-sized office buildings, hotels, and schools. It is also used in mixed-use developments where a combination of coverage and capacity is required.
Figure 1: A hybrid DAS architecture.
- Small Cells: Small cells are low-power base stations that can be used to extend coverage and capacity in specific areas. They are particularly useful for dense urban environments and indoor settings where traditional DAS solutions may not be feasible. Small cells can be deployed in a variety of configurations, including standalone and integrated with DAS systems.
- Components: Small cells typically include a base station, a backhaul connection, and an antenna.
- Applications: Small cells are commonly used in dense urban areas, such as city centers and business districts, to provide additional coverage and capacity. They are also used in indoor settings, such as large office buildings and shopping malls, to improve coverage in specific areas.
Case Studies
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- Stadiums and Arenas: A large stadium might use an active DAS system to ensure reliable coverage for tens of thousands of spectators during events. The system can support multiple carriers and frequency bands, ensuring that users can maintain high-quality connections.
- Office Buildings: A large office building might use a hybrid DAS system to provide a mix of coverage and capacity. The system can be tailored to meet the specific needs of different areas within the building, such as open office spaces, conference rooms, and executive suites.
- Small Retail Stores: A small retail store might use a passive DAS system to improve indoor coverage for customers and staff. The system is cost-effective and easy to install, making it a good choice for small businesses.
Conclusion
The different types of cellular DAS systems offer a range of solutions to meet the diverse needs of various environments. By understanding the strengths and applications of each type, network planners can select the most appropriate solution for their specific requirements. In the next part of this series, we will explore the benefits of integrating cellular DAS with other wireless technologies, providing a more comprehensive and robust solution.
For more, see the technical article Revolutionizing Wireless Coverage: The Power of Cellular DAS Integrated Solutions.
See all the blogs in DAS: No More Dead Zones series.