Post Go back to editing

AD5162 not changing resistance when connected to load

Thread Summary

The user encountered issues with the AD5162 digital potentiometer not changing resistance when connected to the MAX31865 RTD-to-Digital converter. The problem was resolved by disconnecting the MAX31865 using a solid-state relay during the potentiometer setting process. The wiper resistance was measured at 77 ohms, and the total resistance was 2.62K ohms at Vdd=3.3V.
AI Generated Content

I am trying to use a 2500-ohm AD5162 digital potentiometer to "fake" the resistance of an RTD temperature sensor as input to the Maxim MAX31865 RTD-to-Digital converter, https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/MAX31865.pdf

When the MAX31865 converter is not attached, the digital pot changes resistance exactly as expected. When I then connect it to the MAX31865, that resistance is seen and correctly converted to a digital temperature. But when the two are connected to each other, I cannot change the resistance of the digital pot. When I send the commands to set the resistance, nothing changes. When I disconnect the two parts, sending the same commands does change the resistance, which is then seen when I connect them again.

This happens with the MAX31865 bias voltage on or off. When it is off, it should just present a high-impedance load.

I've posed this question of a Maxim applications engineer, and he doesn't  know what the MAX31865 could be doing that prevents the digital pot from changing.

The relevant parts of the two circuits, which are connected by a 4" long cable, are circled in yellow in the attached schematics. They share a common ground. They are running from separate 3.3V supplies that are within 0.05V of each other. There are solid-state switches between the AD5162 and the MAX31865, but I get the same result when I bypass those.

Does anyone have any ideas abPDFPDFout what could be going on, or what I could try?

  • When the MAX31865 converter is not attached, the digital pot changes resistance exactly as expected. When I then connect it to the MAX31865, that resistance is seen and correctly converted to a digital temperature. But when the two are connected to each other, I cannot change the resistance of the digital pot.

    Second and third statements seem contradictory. Can you please clarify. ?

    Further, is there any common SPI interface driving both the devices?

  • I must not be explaining it clearly. When the digital pots are connected (in series/parallel with other resistors as shown) to the RTDIN+ and RTDIN- inputs of the MAX31865, commands sent to the pots do not change the resistance. But when I then disconnect the RTDIN inputs, I can successfully change the resistance using those same commands. Then when I connect the RTDIN inputs again, that changed resistance is correctly seen by the MAX31865. 

    The two devices do not share the same SPI interface; they are connected to different microprocessors.

  • How is the power sequencing applied in your system.

    Is the AD5162 powered up first before MAX31865? 

    There are relays between MAX31865 and AD5162. Are these ON before the AD5162 is powered up?

  • I think -- but would have to verify when I'm back in the lab -- that the AD5162 is powered up first. 

    The relays are powered in same circuit as the MAX31865, so they would be connected quite a bit after the AD5162 is powered up, when its microprocessor executes its initialization code. Does that matter? Can't I switch what the pots are connected to after they are powered up?

  • 1. You need to check whether the relays are getting stuck or not. 

    2. When the digital pots are connected (in series/parallel with other resistors as shown) to the RTDIN+ and RTDIN- inputs of the MAX31865, commands sent to the pots do not change the resistance. 

    At which locations are you testing the Digipot updates?

  • 1. They are solid-state MOSFET relays, so "getting stuck" isn't an issue. And the problem happens even if they are removed.

    2. I'm measuring the resistance at the JP3 connector, so the results of the series/parallel connections.

    BUT: I've made a discovery! The results (when connected to the MAX31865) depend on the order in which I set the digital pots! If I do W2 first and then W1, it mostly works, but not if I do them the other way around. At least W1 is correct, but I'm not sure if W2 is. I need to do more experiments, and it's difficult because I can't directly measure the resistance when it's connected to the MAX31865.

    Incidentally, the "Features" section on page 1 of the datasheet says "Full read/write of wiper register", so I was going to read them back to verify that I'm programming them correctly. But how is that done if there is no digital data output pin?

  • You need to check how much voltage and/ current is being sourced or sinked by MAX31865. 

    Based on the schematic, two digipots are connected in parallel. What values are you setting each digipot to?

  • - According to the specsheet, the input leakage current when the bias voltage is off -- which is most of the time -- is 14 nA. When on, the bias voltage is 2V with a maximum of 5.75 mA.

    - I use various values from 0 to 255 for both pots. For a given desired total resistance between 1K and 2.9K, I have a table that gives the optimal combination. Because R1 is in series with only 360 ohms, it is the "most significant" contributor. R2 is in series with 10K ohms, so is the fine adjustment to get the the right resistance. Those are in parallel, then in series with 505 ohms that sets the minimum resistance.

    I still don't understand why the order of setting the pots matters, but it certainly seems to. Can I read back the wiper registers to verify that I'm setting them correctly?

  • Max continuous current is +/-5mA on overstress.  Refer to Table 4.  So, the device may not be working properly under certain conditions when subjected beyond overstress conditions for long period of  time. 

    You need to find a way to limit the current through the digipot.

    There is no provision to read back the register setting. It is a errata in the datasheet for this part which will be corrected. 

  • Ok, thanks; that's a clue. I'll investigate whether I'm exceeding the current limit.

Before You Switch


Switching languages will make ADI Explorer unavailable. Resume your session by switching back to English and reopening ADI Explorer.