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3 electrode EIS measurement using AD5940 EVAL ELCZ

Hello AD Team,

I have purchased AD5940 EVAL ELCZ board 

I want to perform EIS measurement for a 3 electrode system

Working electrode - Gold

Counter electrode - Platinum 

Reference electrode- Ag/AgCl (0.21 V vs Standard Hydrogen Electrode)

Calibration settings :

frequency range: 1KHz to 10Hz

Bias voltage: 300mV vs Ag/AgCl reference electrode

In the AD5940_examples code for impedance measurement , the method used was Sense electrode connected to AINx pins which was a 2 electrode system (WE :AINx and CE: CE0)

How do I modify this code to accommodate a 3 electrode system as given above ? What should be the switch matrix configuration ?

Kindly guide me through the process 

Parents Reply Children
  • Hi,

    Thank you for that link.

    For our experiment we have to measure RzMag and RzPhase for a 3 electrode system

    Problem : The phase values must be in the range of 0 to -90 degrees , but the phase values were going shooting up and down going out of bounds.

    What can we do to get phase values within the range?

    I have added the settings we used below

    RcalVal Pwrmod LptiaRtiaSel LpTiaRf LpTiaRl HstiaRtiaSel ExcitBufGain HsDacGain DacVoltPP BiasVolt Vzero LpAmpPwrMod HstiaCtia HstiaDeRload HstiaDeRtia
    5000 AFEPWR_LP LPTIARTIA_6K LPTIARF_1M LPTIARLOAD_100R HSTIARTIA_5K EXCITBUFGAIN_0P25 HSDACGAIN_0P2 20 194mv 310mv LPAMPPWR_NORM 31 HSTIADERLOAD_OPEN HSTIADERTIA_OPEN

    The outputs obtained from AD5940 EVAL ELCZ are

    Freq Mag Phase Phase(Radians) Real Part Imaginary Part -Imaginary Part
    Freq:300.00 18598.55469 21.68462 0.3782761489 17283.68648 6868.800355 -6868.800355
    Freq:236.54 9125.26465 -19.72364 -0.3440679422 8590.435285 -3078.12874 3078.12874
    Freq:186.51 5342.30371 -41.27015 -0.7199348389 4016.604066 -3522.37146 3522.37146
    Freq:147.06 14166.83984 -84.70303 -1.477597301 1318.425081 -14105.35736 14105.35736
    Freq:115.95 672.85523 0.61284 0.01069065333 672.81678 7.193124988 -7.193124988
    Freq:91.42 119.63677 2.36565 0.04126745 119.5349136 4.935703227 -4.935703227
    Freq:72.08 724.7486 102.98277 1.79647721 -162.1770169 706.3704045 -706.3704045
    Freq:56.84 346.73135 145.50624 2.53827552 -285.5187328 196.7274314 -196.7274314
    Freq:44.81 425.25339 132.86993 2.317842112 -288.9487167 312.0081487 -312.0081487
    Freq:35.33 251.71271 -178.63466 -3.116182402 -251.6314513 -6.395394951 6.395394951
    Freq:27.86 172.66576 173.08084 3.019299098 -171.3761986 21.06331519 -21.06331519
    Freq:21.97 626.93933 -140.72044 -2.454789898 -484.7979112 -397.5222117 397.5222117
    Freq:17.32 365.97711 -62.2551 -1.086005633 170.553817 -323.8064863 323.8064863
    Freq:13.66 247.9153 -43.807 -0.7641887778 178.9809439 -171.5453809 171.5453809
    Freq:10.77 862.71643 13.38434 0.2334823756 839.3079909 199.6039452 -199.6039452
    Freq:8.49 804.01599 -41.06674 -0.7163864644 606.3756139 -527.9681118 527.9681118
    Freq:6.69 817.92841 -67.3604 -1.175064756 315.2977619 -754.7146515 754.7146515
    Freq:5.28 879.36475 91.00647 1.58755731 -14.73832771 879.2412327 -879.2412327
    Freq:4.16 356.60803 153.05237 2.669913566 -317.6687852 162.0365081 -162.0365081
    Freq:3.28 1278.87671 -7.29908 -0.1273283956 1268.523801 -162.3976756 162.3976756
    Freq:2.59 1050.96765 54.64161 0.95319253 608.5977899 856.8207114 -856.8207114
    Freq:2.04 408.53467 -176.60107 -3.080707554 -407.7776858 -24.85830897 24.85830897
    Freq:1.61 595.61542 -163.24927 -2.847792821 -570.0935313 -172.4850546 172.4850546
    Freq:1.27 851.45184 -150.89906 -2.632350269 -743.4146135 -415.096312 415.096312
    Freq:1.00 1176.3042 -140.24664 -2.44652472 -903.4136196 -753.349456 753.349456

    The Nyquist plot for the above table 

      

    The Expected Nyquist Plot (Obtained from electrochemical Workstation)

  • Hi,

    The swing may be due to saturation.

    You may do two measurements:

    1) One with HSTIARTIA_200


     2) Another with HSTIARTIA_40K

    and check if you get expected readings with any one.

  • Hi Akila,
    The above settings didn't work for me.
    I decided to measure impedance magnitude and phase values of a resistor and capacitor in parallel.
    Impedance magnitude value matched with theoretical value but phase values did not match.

    Top View of RC Parallel connection

    Default settings
    Resistor Value Capacitor Value Frequency Impedance Phase Expected Impedance Expected Phase Amplitude RTIA RCal
    1kOhms 1 uF 1 Hz 5995.945 Ohms 0.251 rad 999.98026 Ω -0.00628 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms 10000 Ohms
    1kOhms 1 uF 10 Hz 2752.376 Ohms 1.076 rad 998.0319 Ω -1.41297 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms 10000 Ohms
    1 kOhms 1 uF 50 Hz 1023.359 Ohms -18.533 rad 954.02822 Ω -0.3044 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms 10000 Ohms
    1kOhms 1 uF 100 Hz 886.897 Ohms -30.295 rad 846.73302 Ω -0.56098 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms 10000 Ohms
    1kOhms 1 uF 150 Hz 754.394 Ohms -38.597 rad 727.72718 Ω -0.75579 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms 10000 Ohms
    1kOhms 1 uF 500 Hz 336.016 Ohms -51.988 rad 303.31447 Ω -1.26263 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms 10000 Ohms
    1kOhms 1 uF 1000 Hz 204.849 Ohms -45.288 rad 157.17673 Ω -1.41297 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms 10000 Ohms
    1kOhms 1 uF 10000 Hz 117.289 Ohms -7.583 rad 15.91348 Ω -1.55488 rad 600 mVpp 200 Ohms

    10000 Ohms

    The above measurements were done in SensorPal 

    Could you tell me how to get phase values correct ?

  • Hi,

    With a load of 1KOhm in parallel with 10nF, connected to crocodile clips, and

    For the settings below,

    Measurement Parameters Settings:

    Impedance

    Start Frequency

    1

    Hz

    Points

    -1

    Amplitude

    600

    mVpp

    Enable

    1

    Stop Frequency

    10000

    Hz

    Logarithmic

    0

    Power Mode

    Low Power

    Sample Rate

    10

    sps

    Internal RTIA Selection

    200

    Ω

    Calibration Resistor

    10000

    Ω

    Filter Level

    Level 1.1

    Hanning Window

    1

    DFT Number

    8192

    PGA Gain Select

    GNPGA_1

    Counter Electrode

    CE0

    Sense Electrode

    SE0LOAD

    I get the measurements below:

    CheckPoint6 01:28 PM

    Frequency (Hz)

    Expected  magnitude(Ohms)

    Obtained Magnitude (Ω)

    Expected phase (degrees) 

    Phase obtained (degrees)

    1

    999.9998432

    5643.821777

    -0.03208563

    99.43128967

    102

    998.3726339

    2969.193359

    -3.26918257

    -64.62636566

    203

    993.6003897

    1202.244263

    -6.48554199

    -27.14173508

    304

    985.8167283

    1146.42334

    -9.66140953

    -19.58404922

    405

    975.2323881

    1150.347412

    -12.7785085

    -18.43681145

    506

    962.1199969

    1169.171387

    -15.8206083

    -21.88260841

    607

    946.7958267

    1134.441772

    -18.7739244

    -25.26005173

    708

    929.6007488

    1095.471558

    -21.6273357

    -28.04763412

    809

    910.8823507

    1109.346191

    -24.372428

    -33.35149002

    910

    890.979654

    1067.536133

    -27.003391

    -33.43180847

    1011

    870.2112409

    1025.718506

    -29.5168037

    -38.2539978

    1112

    848.8670121

    1026.650757

    -31.9113476

    -40.09909821

    1213

    827.2033429

    952.1275635

    -34.1874836

    -42.3313446

    1314

    805.4411223

    954.446167

    -36.3471216

    -46.0755806

    1415

    783.7660316

    879.645813

    -38.3933051

    -45.68838882

    1516

    762.3304125

    850.8482666

    -40.3299251

    -49.32220078

    1617

    741.2561447

    818.6699219

    -42.16147

    -50.72203445

    1718

    720.6380597

    788.6605225

    -43.892815

    -52.04712677

    1819

    700.5475341

    760.6426392

    -45.5290507

    -53.30463409

    1920

    681.0360137

    739.6221924

    -47.0753461

    -56.37686157

    2021

    662.1383085

    714.3433838

    -48.536843

    -57.25476837

    2122

    643.8755703

    688.7250977

    -49.9185781

    -57.99071884

    2223

    626.2579117

    664.8338013

    -51.2254255

    -58.70053864

    2324

    609.2866645

    645.4700317

    -52.462058

    -59.33724213

    2425

    592.9562929

    629.2936401

    -53.6329224

    -62.31517029

    2526

    577.2559924

    608.9962158

    -54.7422257

    -62.72639084

    2627

    562.1710084

    591.416748

    -55.7939292

    -63.22780991

    2728

    547.6837131

    573.5952148

    -56.7917493

    -63.63309097

    2829

    533.7744748

    557.6359863

    -57.7391626

    -63.90711975

    2930

    520.4223529

    547.47052

    -58.6394136

    -66.44651794

    3031

    507.6056481

    531.972229

    -59.4955256

    -66.64277649

    3132

    495.302333

    491.4426575

    -60.3103115

    -65.2098465

    3233

    483.4903847

    502.659668

    -61.0863862

    -67.18983459

    3334

    472.1480384

    490.2504272

    -61.8261791

    -67.29391479

    3435

    461.2539766

    478.4100952

    -62.531946

    -67.40827942

    3536

    450.7874676

    447.8900452

    -63.2057817

    -68.05644226

    3637

    440.7284628

    460.2311096

    -63.8496308

    -69.82569885

    3738

    431.0576621

    427.3754883

    -64.4652992

    -68.16403198

    3839

    421.7565538

    422.0741577

    -65.0544642

    -70.57675171

    3940

    412.8074352

    429.1445618

    -65.6186841

    -69.91060638

    4041

    404.1934182

    420.221344

    -66.1594075

    -69.82553101

    4142

    395.8984227

    399.5553284

    -66.6779818

    -72.83605957

    4243

    387.9071624

    385.8733215

    -67.1756605

    -70.48054504

    4344

    380.2051235

    377.7341614

    -67.6536109

    -70.39550018

    4445

    372.7785399

    375.6745605

    -68.1129206

    -72.52307892

    4546

    365.6143644

    367.9553833

    -68.5546034

    -72.4797287

    4647

    358.7002386

    346.3447571

    -68.9796053

    -73.10578918

    4748

    352.0244616

    339.5601807

    -69.3888097

    -73.0881424

    4849

    345.5759584

    346.3764343

    -69.7830416

    -72.05433655

    4950

    339.3442484

    344.9194031

    -70.1630728

    -74.17131042

    5051

    333.3194143

    326.2243042

    -70.5296252

    -74.88514709

    5152

    327.492072

    332.66922

    -70.883375

    -73.84292603

    5253

    321.8533412

    314.4814148

    -71.2249558

    -74.47322083

    5354

    316.3948176

    325.9577332

    -71.5549618

    -75.49536896

    5455

    311.1085458

    303.4580688

    -71.8739507

    -74.12856293

    5556

    305.9869936

    298.7973633

    -72.1824463

    -73.97144318

    5657

    301.023028

    298.3583069

    -72.4809411

    -75.87428284

    5758

    296.2098917

    293.9162903

    -72.769898

    -75.74878693

    5859

    291.5411815

    288.7682495

    -73.0497531

    -75.50631714

    5960

    287.0108275

    284.3552551

    -73.320917

    -75.20340729

    6061

    282.6130741

    284.9262085

    -73.5837768

    -77.14927673

    6162

    278.342461

    280.6854553

    -73.8386975

    -76.89067841

    6263

    274.1938067

    276.1029053

    -74.0860239

    -76.64608002

    6364

    270.162192

    272.0836182

    -74.3260816

    -76.41075134

    6465

    266.2429448

    268.2645874

    -74.5591781

    -76.04528809

    6566

    262.4316257

    264.4213867

    -74.7856047

    -75.86595917

    6667

    258.724015

    251.3286133

    -75.0056368

    -76.68487549

    6768

    255.1160999

    247.5383148

    -75.2195353

    -76.36094666

    6869

    251.6040626

    249.1029053

    -75.4275473

    -78.24422455

    6970

    248.1842696

    245.7028198

    -75.6299074

    -77.95397186

    7071

    244.8532608

    242.5469971

    -75.8268379

    -77.53370667

    7172

    241.6077404

    238.9530029

    -76.0185501

    -77.36338806

    7273

    238.4445673

    240.8899536

    -76.2052444

    -79.05937958

    7374

    235.3607466

    224.5272827

    -76.3871115

    -77.98030853

    7475

    232.3534219

    226.7628021

    -76.5643328

    -79.68595886

    7576

    229.4198674

    231.7679291

    -76.7370807

    -78.15705109

    7677

    226.5574808

    224.0909576

    -76.9055195

    -75.90468597

    7778

    223.7637769

    225.6109161

    -77.0698056

    -77.53475952

    7879

    221.0363813

    220.5987396

    -77.2300881

    -80.47015381

    7980

    218.3730243

    213.0737

    -77.3865092

    -78.15763855

    8081

    215.7715357

    210.4612885

    -77.5392045

    -77.82317352

    8182

    213.2298393

    207.8711243

    -77.6883034

    -77.52217102

    8283

    210.7459483

    210.3717499

    -77.8339297

    -79.17014313

    8384

    208.3179605

    201.1337738

    -77.9762014

    -80.13020325

    8485

    205.9440541

    205.7515411

    -78.1152313

    -78.47614288

    8586

    203.6224834

    196.4579315

    -78.2511276

    -79.54064941

    8687

    201.3515755

    199.0869446

    -78.3839934

    -81.1603775

    8788

    199.1297261

    197.123642

    -78.5139276

    -80.77890015

    8889

    196.9553963

    194.9233704

    -78.6410249

    -80.41079712

    8990

    194.8271095

    199.3356018

    -78.765376

    -78.70982361

    9091

    192.7434482

    190.8472748

    -78.8870678

    -79.73343658

    9192

    190.7030514

    188.7642822

    -79.0061837

    -79.41882324

    9293

    188.7046114

    181.0451965

    -79.1228035

    -80.53713989

    9394

    186.746872

    184.9401245

    -79.2370041

    -78.68781281

    9495

    184.8286253

    187.8746338

    -79.348859

    -80.13713837

    9596

    182.9487099

    186.1243134

    -79.4584388

    -79.78341675

    9697

    181.1060085

    179.5002594

    -79.5658117

    -77.59288788

    9798

    179.2994463

    176.8358765

    -79.6710428

    -80.62503052

    9899

    177.5279884

    175.0039825

    -79.7741949

    -80.27121735

    10000

    175.7906385

    173.414444

    -79.8753283

    -79.97788239

    As you see, I get more deviation at very low frequencies which can be corrected as below:

    With Internal RTIA = 10KOhms:

    CheckPoint6 02:34 PM

    Frequency (Hz)

    Expected  magnitude(Ohms)

    Magnitude (Ω)

    Expected phase 

    Phase

    46.88888931

    999.6554427

    1316.13623

    -1.50411424

    0.170271069

    47.48484802

    999.6466331

    1319.270142

    -1.52322261

    -0.723700404

    48.08080673

    999.6377124

    1321.765625

    -1.54233065

    -1.463980198

    48.67676926

    999.6286806

    1324.032715

    -1.56143846

    -2.066316366

    49.27272797

    999.6195379

    1324.746704

    -1.5805458

    -2.627925634

    49.86868668

    999.6102842

    1325.608521

    -1.59965279

    -3.22876811

    50.46464539

    999.6009195

    1323.287354

    -1.61875943

    -3.911947727

    51.06060791

    999.5914438

    1318.03418

    -1.63786582

    -4.523914337

    51.65656662

    999.5818572

    1310.067139

    -1.65697173

    -5.003897667

    52.25252533

    999.5721595

    1299.698242

    -1.67607728

    -5.413050652

    52.84848404

    999.562351

    1288.812744

    -1.69518244

    -5.548278809

    53.44444275

    999.5524315

    1281.211426

    -1.71428724

    -5.580705643

    54.04040527

    999.542401

    1273.981201

    -1.73339177

    -5.617374897

    54.63636398

    999.5322596

    1268.148315

    -1.75249579

    -5.583136559

    55.23232269

    999.5220074

    1262.045776

    -1.77159943

    -5.681913376

    55.8282814

    999.5116442

    1254.331177

    -1.79070267

    -5.649684429

    56.42424393

    999.5011701

    1244.842163

    -1.80980563

    -5.563325405

    57.02020264

    999.4905851

    1237.067017

    -1.82890808

    -5.305145264

    57.61616135

    999.4798893

    1230.381958

    -1.84801011

    -4.949538231

    58.21212006

    999.4690826

    1226.997925

    -1.86711173

    -4.548388958

    58.80808258

    999.4581651

    1225.922729

    -1.88621306

    -4.073673248

    59.40404129

    999.4471367

    1227.34729

    -1.90531385

    -3.746062756

    60

    999.4359975

    1229.000977

    -1.92441421

    -3.43558383

    With Internal RTIA = 5KOhm:

    60.84848404

    1129.101074

    -1.95160723

    -3.085424185

    61.6464653

    1140.991577

    -1.97718088

    -2.241027117

    62.44444275

    1154.947998

    -2.00275362

    -1.395905852

    63.24242401

    1168.542603

    -2.02832569

    -0.851410091

    64.04040527

    1185.651855

    -2.05389694

    -0.309738338

    64.83838654

    1202.181519

    -2.07946738

    0.056347799

    65.63636017

    1221.218506

    -2.10503675

    0.223373026

    66.43434143

    1241.920776

    -2.13060552

    0.25098297

    67.23232269

    1260.759399

    -2.15617344

    0.095258035

    68.03030396

    1277.838379

    -2.1817405

    -0.353708148

    68.82828522

    1289.46936

    -2.2073067

    -0.819449604

    69.62625885

    1300.835571

    -2.23287177

    -1.242989659

    70.42424011

    1307.232544

    -2.25843619

    -1.643160105

    71.22222137

    1313.448364

    -2.28399972

    -2.135019541

    72.02020264

    1319.336914

    -2.30956233

    -2.578215599

    72.8181839

    1321.929688

    -2.33512403

    -3.062238932

    73.61616516

    1323.114136

    -2.36068479

    -3.576178312

    74.41413879

    1323.643433

    -2.38624437

    -4.161894798

    75.21212006

    1317.279175

    -2.41180325

    -4.55242157

    76.01010132

    1312.859985

    -2.43736116

    -4.8987813

    76.80808258

    1306.920044

    -2.46291811

    -5.110152721

    77.60606384

    1299.745117

    -2.48847407

    -5.262796879

    78.40403748

    1291.827759

    -2.5140288

    -5.358911037

    79.20201874

    1285.246582

    -2.53958277

    -5.424753666

    80

    1278.574463

    -2.56513573

    -5.423295021

    With Internal RTIA = 1KOhm:

    86

    998.8423206

    1003.108032

    -2.75723436

    -2.676952839

    87

    998.8152894

    1022.682861

    -2.78924489

    -0.396744907

    88

    998.787948

    1056.831421

    -2.82125367

    1.678614736

    89

    998.7602963

    1099.323242

    -2.85326069

    2.474569559

    90

    998.7323345

    1139.927612

    -2.88526593

    2.547867775

    91

    998.7040627

    1180.339111

    -2.91726936

    2.753046036

    92

    998.675481

    1219.134644

    -2.94927098

    1.955847859

    93

    998.6465893

    1254.643555

    -2.98127075

    1.300777316

    94

    998.6173879

    1281.141968

    -3.01326866

    0.234253868

    95

    998.5878768

    1296.128174

    -3.04526469

    -1.161026597

    96

    998.558056

    1315.400024

    -3.07725882

    -2.519773006

    97

    998.5279257

    1324.464966

    -3.10925103

    -3.75231576

    98

    998.4974859

    1323.049805

    -3.1412413

    -4.487847805

    99

    998.4667368

    1325.681641

    -3.1732296

    -5.788947582

    100

    998.4356783

    1306.873291

    -3.20521593

    -7.144724369

  • Hi,
    Could you please send the formula you used to calculate expected impedance magnitude and phase ?

  • Hi,

    Magnitude = (R)/(sqrt(1 + (R*2*pi*f*C*10^-9)^2)) Ohms

    phase = -tan-1(R*2*pi*f*C*10^-9) degrees

    where C is in nF,

    R is in Ohms.

  • Hi,

    This was the formula we used to calculate RC Parallel Impedance 

    This was the value you got using the formula you shared with us

    Frequency (Hz)

    Expected  magnitude(Ohms)

    Obtained Magnitude (Ω)

    Expected phase (degrees) 

    Phase obtained (degrees)

    10000

    175.7906385

    173.414444

    -79.8753283

    -79.97788239

    This was the value we got when we implemented the formula you shared with us

    Resistor Value Capacitor Value Frequency Expected Magnitude
    1000 1.00E-08 10000 6.28E-04

    They are not matching with each other.

    Could you help us with this?

  • hi,

    I have corrected the formula above.

    Apologies.

  • How to conversion formula in EIS measurement 3 electrodes using AD5940? Thanks.